Several techniques are employed in forensic analysis, each serving a specific purpose:
DNA Profiling: This technique identifies individuals based on their unique genetic makeup. It is widely used in criminal investigations, paternity testing, and identifying remains. Toxicology: This involves the analysis of bodily fluids and tissues to detect the presence of drugs, alcohol, poisons, and other toxic substances. Chromatography: Techniques like gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) are used to separate and analyze compounds in a sample. Spectroscopy: Methods such as mass spectrometry (MS) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) help identify chemical substances within a sample. Microscopy: This is used to examine trace evidence like hair, fibers, and other small particles that can link a suspect to a crime scene.
